1. Wood
Wood is the most common and traditional material used for building saunas. It has excellent insulation properties and can withstand high heat and humidity levels. Cedar and hemlock are popular choices for sauna construction due to their natural resistance to decay and insects. They also have a pleasant aroma that enhances the sauna experience. When using wood for an outdoor sauna, it's important to choose a durable and weather-resistant type, such as redwood or treated lumber. These materials can withstand the outdoor elements and last for many years. Avoid using plywood or particleboard, as they can release toxins when heated.
2. Insulation
Proper insulation is essential for maintaining the heat inside the sauna and preventing heat loss. Common insulation materials include fiberglass, mineral wool, and foam boards. It's important to choose insulation materials that are fire-resistant and can withstand high temperatures. Insulation should be installed between the sauna walls and the exterior siding to create a barrier against heat transfer. Additionally, it's recommended to insulate the sauna floor to prevent heat from escaping through the ground.
3. Doors and Windows
When choosing doors and windows for an outdoor sauna, it's important to select materials that can withstand high temperatures and provide a good seal to prevent heat loss. For the sauna door, solid wood doors or tempered glass doors with a frame made of a heat-resistant material are recommended. Windows should be double-paned and made of tempered glass to withstand the heat and prevent breakage. To ensure proper insulation, doors and windows should have weatherstripping and airtight seals.
4. Roofing and Ventilation
The roof of an outdoor sauna should be made of a durable and waterproof material to protect the sauna from rain and snow. Common roofing materials include asphalt shingles, metal roofing, and cedar shakes. It's important to choose a material that can withstand the harsh outdoor conditions. Adequate ventilation is crucial for maintaining airflow and preventing excessive moisture buildup in the sauna. Ventilation can be achieved through vents or windows that can be opened and closed. Ensure that the sauna has proper insulation around the vents to prevent heat loss. Additionally, consider installing a chimney or exhaust fan to remove excess heat and humidity.